Biomimetic Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, Photoluminescence, and Photocatalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Owing to the development of nanotechnology, biosynthesis nanoparticles (NPs) is gaining considerable attention as a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach that minimizes effects toxic chemicals used in NP fabrication. The present work reports low-cost phytofabrication zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs employing aqueous extracts various parts (leaves, stems, inflorescences) Tephrosia purpurea (T. purpurea). formation, structure, morphology, other physicochemical properties ZnO were characterized by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) dynamic light scattering (DLS). UV–Vis spectral analysis revealed sharp surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at around 250–280 nm, while XRD patterns confirmed distinctive peaks indices crystalline planes hexagonal wurtzite NPs. TEM presence spherical-shaped with average particle sizes (PS) between 25–35 which was agreement results. FTIR phenolics, flavonoids, amides, alkaloids, amines plant extract are responsible for stabilization Further, hydrodynamic diameter range 85–150 nm measured using DLS technique. fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) ability biogenic evaluated, highest efficiency found synthesized via T. inflorescences extract. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed three emission consisting region high-intensity compared chemically biosynthesized photocatalytic activity under solar irradiation enhancing degradation rate methylene blue (MB). Among prepared NPs, leaves mediated acted most effective photocatalyst, maximum 98.86% half-life 84.7 min. This first report related synthesis multifunctional purpurea, interesting characteristics potential applications future.